Friday, April 29, 2022

Multitenant : Unplug/Plugin PDB Upgrade to Oracle Database 21c (AutoUpgrade)

Database Multitenant, Oracle Database 21c, Oracle Database Exam Prep, Oracle Database Career, Database Skills, Oracle Database Certification, Database Preparation, Database Jobs, Oracle Database Preparation

This article provides an overview of upgrading an existing PDB to Oracle 21c on the same server using AutoUpgrade Unplug/Plugin. Upgrades can be very complicated, so you must always read the upgrade manual, and test thoroughly before considering an upgrade of a production environment.

◉ Assumptions

This article is focused on upgrading a pluggable database using unplug/plugin. If you want to upgrade a CDB and all PDBs directly, you need to follow this article.

- Multitenant : Upgrade to Oracle Database 21c (AutoUpgrade)

This article assumes your source database is of a version supported for direct upgrade to 21c.

19c, 18c, 12.2

In this example we are doing an upgrade from 19c multitenant to 21c. The process is very similar for all supported versions.

It's important to have backups of everything before you start! Some of these steps are destructive, and if something goes wrong you have no alternative but to restore from backups and start again.

◉ Prerequisities

Make sure you have all the OS prerequisites in place by running the 21c preinstall package. On Oracle Linux you can do this by installing the preinstall package. It probably makes sense to update the remaining packages also.

yum install -y oracle-database-preinstall-21c

yum update -y

◉ Install 21c Software

You can read about the installation process in more detail here (OL7, OL8), but for this example we'll keep it brief. The following commands will perform a silent installation of the 21c software.

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/21.0.0/dbhome_1

export SOFTWARE_DIR=/vagrant/software

export ORA_INVENTORY=/u01/app/oraInventory

mkdir -p ${ORACLE_HOME}

cd $ORACLE_HOME

/bin/unzip -oq ${SOFTWARE_DIR}/LINUX.X64_213000_db_home.zip

./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -silent                        \

    -responseFile ${ORACLE_HOME}/install/response/db_install.rsp               \

    oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY                                    \

    ORACLE_HOSTNAME=${ORACLE_HOSTNAME}                                         \

    UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall                                                   \

    INVENTORY_LOCATION=${ORA_INVENTORY}                                        \

    SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,en_GB                                                \

    ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_HOME}                                                 \

    ORACLE_BASE=${ORACLE_BASE}                                                 \

    oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE                                        \

    oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba                                          \

    oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba                                    \

    oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba                                        \

    oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba                                        \

    oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba                                       \

    SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false                                 \

    DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

Run the root scripts when prompted.

As a root user, execute the following script(s):

        1. /u01/app/oracle/product/21.0.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

At this point you should also patch the new Oracle home, but in this case we will forgo that step to keep things simple.

◉ Create 21c Container Database

We need to create a container database (CDB) as the destination for the resulting PDB. The following example create a CDB called "cdb2" with no PDBs.

#dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourceDB cdb2 -sysDBAUserName sys -sysDBAPassword SysPassword1

dbca -silent -createDatabase \

 -templateName General_Purpose.dbc \

 -gdbname cdb2 -sid cdb2 -responseFile NO_VALUE \

 -characterSet AL32UTF8 \

 -sysPassword SysPassword1 \

 -systemPassword SysPassword1 \

 -createAsContainerDatabase true \

 -numberOfPDBs 0 \

 -databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \

 -memoryMgmtType auto_sga \

 -totalMemory 1536 \

 -storageType FS \

 -datafileDestination "/u02/oracle/" \

 -redoLogFileSize 50 \

 -emConfiguration NONE \

 -ignorePreReqs

Prepare for db operation

10% complete

Copying database files

40% complete

Creating and starting Oracle instance

42% complete

46% complete

52% complete

56% complete

60% complete

Completing Database Creation

66% complete

69% complete

70% complete

Executing Post Configuration Actions

100% complete

Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:

 /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/cdb2.

Database Information:

Global Database Name:cdb2

System Identifier(SID):cdb2

Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/cdb2/cdb2.log" for further details.

$

We enable the fast recovery area, Oracle Managed Files (OMF) and archivelog mode.

sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF

alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=40g;

alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area';

alter system set db_create_file_dest = '/u02/oradata';

shutdown immediate;

startup mount;

alter database archivelog;

alter database open;

exit;

EOF

You will need to adjust the instance parameters to make sure the container can cope with the demands of the final PDB, but for this example we will ignore that.

◉ Run AutoUpgrade Analyze

Download the latest "autoupgrade.jar" file from MOS 2485457.1. If you don't have MOS access you can miss out the next step.

cd $ORACLE_BASE/product/21.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin

mv autoupgrade.jar autoupgrade.jar.`date +"%Y"-"%m"-"%d"`

cp /tmp/autoupgrade.jar .

Make sure you are using the original Oracle home before running the "autoupgrade.jar" commands.

export ORACLE_SID=cdb1

export ORAENV_ASK=NO

. oraenv

export ORAENV_ASK=YES

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1

Generate a sample file for a full database upgrade.

$ORACLE_BASE/product/21.0.0/dbhome_1/jdk/bin/java \

  -jar $ORACLE_BASE/product/21.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar \

  -create_sample_file config /tmp/config.txt unplug

Edit the resulting "/tmp/config.txt" file, setting the details for your required upgrade. In this case we used the following parameters. We are only upgrading a single PDB, but if we had multiple we could use a comma-separated list of PDBs.

upg1.log_dir=/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1

upg1.sid=cdb1

upg1.source_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1

upg1.target_cdb=cdb2

upg1.target_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/21.0.0/dbhome_1

upg1.pdbs=pdb1                              # Comma delimited list of pdb names that will be upgraded and moved to the target CDB

#upg1.target_pdb_name.mypdb1=altpdb1        # Optional. Name of the PDB to be created on the target CDB

#upg1.target_pdb_copy_option.mypdb1=file_name_convert=('mypdb1', 'altpdb1')  # Optional. file_name_convert option used when creating the PDB on the target CDB

#upg1.target_pdb_name.mypdb2=altpdb2

upg1.start_time=NOW                        # Optional. [NOW | +XhYm (X hours, Y minutes after launch) | dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss]

upg1.upgrade_node=localhost                # Optional. To find out the name of your node, run the hostname utility. Default is 'localhost'

upg1.run_utlrp=yes                         # Optional. Whether or not to run utlrp after upgrade

upg1.timezone_upg=yes                      # Optional. Whether or not to run the timezone upgrade

upg1.target_version=21                     # Oracle version of the target ORACLE_HOME.  Only required when the target Oracle database version is 12.2

Run the upgrade in analyze mode to see if there are any expected issues with the upgrade.

$ORACLE_BASE/product/21.0.0/dbhome_1/jdk/bin/java \

  -jar $ORACLE_BASE/product/21.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar \

  -config /tmp/config.txt -mode analyze

AutoUpgrade tool launched with default options

Processing config file ...

+--------------------------------+

| Starting AutoUpgrade execution |

+--------------------------------+

1 databases will be analyzed

Type 'help' to list console commands

upg> Job 100 completed

------------------- Final Summary --------------------

Number of databases            [ 1 ]

Jobs finished                  [1]

Jobs failed                    [0]

Jobs pending                   [0]

Please check the summary report at:

/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/cfgtoollogs/upgrade/auto/status/status.html

/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/cfgtoollogs/upgrade/auto/status/status.log

The output files list the status of the analysis, and any manual intervention that is needed before an upgrade can take place. The output of the "status.log" file is shown below. The detail section gives a file containing the details of the steps in the upgrade process. If you've seen the output from the "preupgrade.jar", it will look familiar. If there are any required manual actions in the main log file, the detail file should give more information.

==========================================

          Autoupgrade Summary Report

==========================================

[Date]           Sun Aug 22 14:49:01 UTC 2021

[Number of Jobs] 1

==========================================

[Job ID] 100

==========================================

[DB Name]                cdb1

[Version Before Upgrade] 19.12.0.0.0

[Version After Upgrade]  21.3.0.0.0

------------------------------------------

[Stage Name]    PRECHECKS

[Status]        SUCCESS

[Start Time]    2021-08-22 14:48:44

[Duration]      0:00:16

[Log Directory] /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/100/prechecks

[Detail]        /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/100/prechecks/cdb1_preupgrade.log

                Precheck passed and no manual intervention needed

------------------------------------------

The log directory contains a number of files, including a HTML format of the detailed report. It's the same information as the log file, but some people my prefer reading this format.

Once any required manual fixups are complete, run the analysis again and you should see a clean analysis report.

◉ Run AutoUpgrade Deploy

We are now ready to run the database upgrade with the following command. The upgrade takes some time, so you will be left at the "upg" prompt until it's complete.

$ORACLE_BASE/product/21.0.0/dbhome_1/jdk/bin/java \

  -jar $ORACLE_BASE/product/21.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar \

  -config /tmp/config.txt -mode deploy

AutoUpgrade tool launched with default options

Processing config file ...

+--------------------------------+

| Starting AutoUpgrade execution |

+--------------------------------+

1 databases will be processed

Type 'help' to list console commands

upg>

Use the "help" command to see the command line options. We can list the current jobs and check on the job status using the following commands.

upg> lsj

+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+----------------+

|Job#|DB_NAME|    STAGE|OPERATION| STATUS|    START_TIME| UPDATED|         MESSAGE|

+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+----------------+

| 101|   cdb1|DBUPGRADE|EXECUTING|RUNNING|21/08/22 14:51|14:56:28|22%Upgraded PDB1|

+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+----------------+

Total jobs 1

upg> status -job 101

Progress

-----------------------------------

Start time:      21/08/22 14:51

Elapsed (min):   5

End time:        N/A

Last update:     2021-08-22T14:56:28.019

Stage:           DBUPGRADE

Operation:       EXECUTING

Status:          RUNNING

Pending stages:  7

Stage summary:

    SETUP             <1 min

    PREUPGRADE        <1 min

    PRECHECKS         <1 min

    PREFIXUPS         1 min

    DRAIN             <1 min

    DBUPGRADE         3 min (IN PROGRESS)

Job Logs Locations

-----------------------------------

Logs Base:    /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1

Job logs:     /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/101

Stage logs:   /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/101/dbupgrade

TimeZone:     /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/temp

Additional information

-----------------------------------

Details:

[Upgrading] is [22%] completed for [cdb1-pdb1]

                 +---------+-------------+

                 |CONTAINER|   PERCENTAGE|

                 +---------+-------------+

                 |     PDB1|UPGRADE [22%]|

                 +---------+-------------+

Error Details:

None

upg>

Once the job completes a summary message is displayed.

upg> Job 101 completed

------------------- Final Summary --------------------

Number of databases            [ 1 ]

Jobs finished                  [1]

Jobs failed                    [0]

Jobs pending                   [0]

Please check the summary report at:

/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/cfgtoollogs/upgrade/auto/status/status.html

/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/cfgtoollogs/upgrade/auto/status/status.log

The "status.log" contains the top-level information about the upgrade process.

==========================================

          Autoupgrade Summary Report

==========================================

[Date]           Sun Aug 22 15:15:50 UTC 2021

[Number of Jobs] 1

==========================================

[Job ID] 101

==========================================

[DB Name]                cdb1

[Version Before Upgrade] 19.12.0.0.0

[Version After Upgrade]  21.3.0.0.0

------------------------------------------

[Stage Name]    PREUPGRADE

[Status]        SUCCESS

[Start Time]    2021-08-22 14:51:03

[Duration]      0:00:00

[Log Directory] /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/101/preupgrade

------------------------------------------

[Stage Name]    PRECHECKS

[Status]        SUCCESS

[Start Time]    2021-08-22 14:51:03

[Duration]      0:00:20

[Log Directory] /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/101/prechecks

[Detail]        /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/101/prechecks/cdb1_preupgrade.log

                Precheck passed and no manual intervention needed

------------------------------------------

[Stage Name]    PREFIXUPS

[Status]        SUCCESS

[Start Time]    2021-08-22 14:51:24

[Duration]      0:01:43

[Log Directory] /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/101/prefixups

------------------------------------------

[Stage Name]    DRAIN

[Status]        SUCCESS

[Start Time]    2021-08-22 14:53:08

[Duration]      0:00:12

[Log Directory] /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/101/drain

------------------------------------------

[Stage Name]    DBUPGRADE

[Status]        SUCCESS

[Start Time]    2021-08-22 14:53:20

[Duration]      0:15:56

[Log Directory] /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/101/dbupgrade

------------------------------------------

[Stage Name]    NONCDBTOPDBXY

[Status]        SUCCESS

[Start Time]    2021-08-22 15:09:16

[Duration]      0:00:00

------------------------------------------

[Stage Name]    POSTCHECKS

[Status]        SUCCESS

[Start Time]    2021-08-22 15:09:16

[Duration]      0:00:09

[Log Directory] /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/101/postchecks

[Detail]        /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/101/postchecks/cdb1_postupgrade.log

------------------------------------------

[Stage Name]    POSTFIXUPS

[Status]        SUCCESS

[Start Time]    2021-08-22 15:09:26

[Duration]      0:06:23

[Log Directory] /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/101/postfixups

------------------------------------------

[Stage Name]    POSTUPGRADE

[Status]        SUCCESS

[Start Time]    2021-08-22 15:15:49

[Duration]      0:00:00

[Log Directory] /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/101/postupgrade

------------------------------------------

[Stage Name]    SYSUPDATES

[Status]        SUCCESS

[Start Time]    2021-08-22 15:15:50

[Duration]      0:00:00

[Log Directory] /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/101/sysupdates

------------------------------------------

Upgrade Summary: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/pdb1/cdb1/101/dbupgrade/upg_summary.log

Check out the "upg_summary.log" file, and if anything looks wrong, check out the associated log files. At this point I do a shutdown and startup to make sure everything is running in the correct mode.

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/21.0.0/dbhome_1

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export ORACLE_SID=cdb2

sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF

alter pluggable database PDB1 save state;

shutdown immediate;

startup;

show pdbs

exit;

EOF

◉ Final Steps

If you've finished with the 19c CDB1 instance, you can remove it.

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export ORACLE_SID=cdb1

dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourceDB mydb -sysDBAUserName sys -sysDBAPassword SysPassword1

Edit the "/etc/oratab" file and any environment files as required.

◉ Appendix

The following commands are used to rebuild the databases if you want to rerun the examples.

Rebuild the 21c CDB1 multitenant database with no PDBS.

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/21.0.0/dbhome_1

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export ORACLE_SID=cdb2

#dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourceDB cdb2 -sysDBAUserName sys -sysDBAPassword SysPassword1

dbca -silent -createDatabase \

 -templateName General_Purpose.dbc \

 -gdbname cdb2 -sid cdb2 -responseFile NO_VALUE \

 -characterSet AL32UTF8 \

 -sysPassword SysPassword1 \

 -systemPassword SysPassword1 \

 -createAsContainerDatabase true \

 -numberOfPDBs 0 \

 -databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \

 -memoryMgmtType auto_sga \

 -totalMemory 1536 \

 -storageType FS \

 -datafileDestination "/u02/oradata/" \

 -redoLogFileSize 50 \

 -emConfiguration NONE \

 -ignorePreReqs

sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF

alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=40g;

alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area';

alter system set db_create_file_dest = '/u02/oradata';

shutdown immediate;

startup mount;

alter database archivelog;

alter database open;

exit;

EOF

Rebuild the 19c CDB1 multitenant database with one PDB.

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export ORACLE_SID=cdb1

#dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourceDB mydb -sysDBAUserName sys -sysDBAPassword SysPassword1

dbca -silent -createDatabase \

 -templateName General_Purpose.dbc \

 -gdbname cdb1 -sid cdb1 -responseFile NO_VALUE \

 -characterSet AL32UTF8 \

 -sysPassword SysPassword1 \

 -systemPassword SysPassword1 \

 -createAsContainerDatabase true \

 -numberOfPDBs 1 \

 -pdbName pdb1 \

 -pdbAdminPassword SysPassword1 \

 -databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \

 -memoryMgmtType auto_sga \

 -totalMemory 1536 \

 -storageType FS \

 -datafileDestination "/u02/oradata/" \

 -redoLogFileSize 50 \

 -emConfiguration NONE \

 -ignorePreReqs

sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF

alter pluggable database pdb1 save state;

alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=40g;

alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area';

alter system set db_create_file_dest = '/u02/oradata';

shutdown immediate;

startup mount;

alter database archivelog;

alter database open;

exit;

EOF

Source: oracle-base.com

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