◉ Download Software
Download the Oracle software from OTN or MOS depending on your support status.
- OTN: Oracle Database 19c (19.3) Software (64-bit)
- edelivery: Oracle Database 19c (19.3) Software (64-bit)
◉ Hosts File
The "/etc/hosts" file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.
<IP-address> <fully-qualified-machine-name> <machine-name>
For example.
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
192.168.56.107 ol8-19.localdomain ol8-19
Set the correct hostname in the "/etc/hostname" file.
ol8-19.localdomain
◉ Oracle Installation Prerequisites
The automatic setup is not available for Oracle Linux 8 yet, so perform the Manual Setup and Additional Setup.
If you are using RHEL8 or CentOS8, you can pick up the PRM from the OL7 repository and install it. It will pull the dependencies from your normal repositories.
# yum install -y https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL7/latest/x86_64/getPackage/oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
◉ Manual Setup
Add the following lines to the "/etc/sysctl.conf" file, or in a file called "/etc/sysctl.d/98-oracle.conf".
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
Run one of the following commands to change the current kernel parameters, depending on which file you edited.
/sbin/sysctl -p
# Or
/sbin/sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/98-oracle.conf
Add the following lines to a file called "/etc/security/limits.d/oracle-database-preinstall-19c.conf" file.
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768
oracle hard memlock 134217728
oracle soft memlock 134217728
The following packages are listed as required. Don't worry if some don't install. It won't prevent the installation.
dnf install -y bc
dnf install -y binutils
#dnf install -y compat-libcap1
dnf install -y compat-libstdc++-33
#dnf install -y dtrace-modules
#dnf install -y dtrace-modules-headers
#dnf install -y dtrace-modules-provider-headers
#dnf install -y dtrace-utils
dnf install -y elfutils-libelf
dnf install -y elfutils-libelf-devel
dnf install -y fontconfig-devel
dnf install -y glibc
dnf install -y glibc-devel
dnf install -y ksh
dnf install -y libaio
dnf install -y libaio-devel
#dnf install -y libdtrace-ctf-devel
dnf install -y libXrender
dnf install -y libXrender-devel
dnf install -y libX11
dnf install -y libXau
dnf install -y libXi
dnf install -y libXtst
dnf install -y libgcc
dnf install -y librdmacm-devel
dnf install -y libstdc++
dnf install -y libstdc++-devel
dnf install -y libxcb
dnf install -y make
dnf install -y net-tools # Clusterware
dnf install -y nfs-utils # ACFS
dnf install -y python # ACFS
dnf install -y python-configshell # ACFS
dnf install -y python-rtslib # ACFS
dnf install -y python-six # ACFS
dnf install -y targetcli # ACFS
dnf install -y smartmontools
dnf install -y sysstat
# Added by me.
dnf install -y unixODBC
# New for OL8
dnf install -y libnsl
dnf install -y libnsl.i686
dnf install -y libnsl2
dnf install -y libnsl2.i686
Create the new groups and users.
groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
groupadd -g 54322 dba
groupadd -g 54323 oper
#groupadd -g 54324 backupdba
#groupadd -g 54325 dgdba
#groupadd -g 54326 kmdba
#groupadd -g 54327 asmdba
#groupadd -g 54328 asmoper
#groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin
#groupadd -g 54330 racdba
useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
Uncomment the extra groups you require.
◉ Additional Setup
Set the password for the "oracle" user.
passwd oracle
Set secure Linux to permissive by editing the "/etc/selinux/config" file, making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows.
SELINUX=permissive
Once the change is complete, restart the server or run the following command.
# setenforce Permissive
If you have the Linux firewall enabled, you will need to disable or configure it, as shown here or here. To disable it, do the following.
# systemctl stop firewalld
# systemctl disable firewalld
If you are not using Oracle Linux and UEK, you will need to manually disable transparent huge pages.
Create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed.
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
mkdir -p /u02/oradata
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 /u02
chmod -R 775 /u01 /u02
Putting mount points directly under root without mounting separate disks to them is typically a bad idea. It's done here for simplicity, but for a real installation "/" storage should be reserved for the OS.
Unless you are working from the console, or using SSH tunnelling, login as root and issue the following command.
xhost +<machine-name>
The scripts are created using the cat command, with all the "$" characters escaped. If you want to manually create these files, rather than using the cat command, remember to remove the "\" characters before the "$" characters.
Create a "scripts" directory.
mkdir /home/oracle/scripts
Create an environment file called "setEnv.sh". The "$" characters are escaped using "\". If you are not creating the file with the cat command, you will need to remove the escape characters.
cat > /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh <<EOF
# Oracle Settings
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=\$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ol8-19.localdomain
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=cdb1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=\$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
export ORA_INVENTORY=/u01/app/oraInventory
export ORACLE_SID=cdb1
export PDB_NAME=pdb1
export DATA_DIR=/u02/oradata
export PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:\$PATH
export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:\$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
EOF
Add a reference to the "setEnv.sh" file at the end of the "/home/oracle/.bash_profile" file.
echo ". /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
Create a "start_all.sh" and "stop_all.sh" script that can be called from a startup/shutdown service. Make sure the ownership and permissions are correct.
cat > /home/oracle/scripts/start_all.sh <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
. /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh
export ORAENV_ASK=NO
. oraenv
export ORAENV_ASK=YES
dbstart \$ORACLE_HOME
EOF
cat > /home/oracle/scripts/stop_all.sh <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
. /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh
export ORAENV_ASK=NO
. oraenv
export ORAENV_ASK=YES
dbshut \$ORACLE_HOME
EOF
chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/scripts
chmod u+x /home/oracle/scripts/*.sh
Once the installation is complete and you've edited the "/etc/oratab", you should be able to start/stop the database with the following scripts run from the "oracle" user.
~/scripts/start_all.sh
~/scripts/stop_all.sh
◉ Installation
Log into the oracle user. If you are using X emulation then set the DISPLAY environmental variable.
DISPLAY=<machine-name>:0.0; export DISPLAY
Switch to the ORACLE_HOME directory, unzip the software directly into this path and start the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) by issuing one of the following commands in the ORACLE_HOME directory. The interactive mode will display GUI installer screens to allow user input, while the silent mode will install the software without displaying any screens, as all required options are already specified on the command line.
# Unzip software.
cd $ORACLE_HOME
unzip -oq /path/to/software/LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip
# Fake Oracle Linux 7.
export CV_ASSUME_DISTID=OEL7.6
# Interactive mode.
./runInstaller
# Silent mode.
./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -silent \
-responseFile ${ORACLE_HOME}/install/response/db_install.rsp \
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=${ORACLE_HOSTNAME} \
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=${ORA_INVENTORY} \
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,en_GB \
ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_HOME} \
ORACLE_BASE=${ORACLE_BASE} \
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba \
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false \
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
Run the root scripts when prompted.
As a root user, execute the following script(s):
1. /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
2. /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
You are now ready to create a database.
◉ Database Creation
You create a database using the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA). The interactive mode will display GUI screens to allow user input, while the silent mode will create the database without displaying any screens, as all required options are already specified on the command line.
# Start the listener.
lsnrctl start
# Interactive mode.
dbca
# Silent mode.
dbca -silent -createDatabase \
-templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
-gdbname ${ORACLE_SID} -sid ${ORACLE_SID} -responseFile NO_VALUE \
-characterSet AL32UTF8 \
-sysPassword SysPassword1 \
-systemPassword SysPassword1 \
-createAsContainerDatabase true \
-numberOfPDBs 1 \
-pdbName ${PDB_NAME} \
-pdbAdminPassword PdbPassword1 \
-databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \
-automaticMemoryManagement false \
-totalMemory 2000 \
-storageType FS \
-datafileDestination "${DATA_DIR}" \
-redoLogFileSize 50 \
-emConfiguration NONE \
-ignorePreReqs
◉ Post Installation
Edit the "/etc/oratab" file setting the restart flag for each instance to 'Y'.
cdb1:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1:Y
Enable Oracle Managed Files (OMF) and make sure the PDB starts when the instance starts.
sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
alter system set db_create_file_dest='${DATA_DIR}';
alter pluggable database ${PDB_NAME} save state;
exit;
EOF
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